How Judaism and Christianity Diverged Free Essays

The origins of Christianity can be originated in Judaism and for that reason it is no surprise that both religions have many beliefs in common. During the earliest beginnings, Christianity was a part of Judaism, but currently they are two distinct communities. However, they are bound together by their belief in one God and to worship any other is to deny Him. We will write a custom essay sample on How Judaism and Christianity Diverged or any similar topic only for you Order Now The separation between both religions did not happen fast or easy. The entire division took some hundred years and the very complex separation didn’t happen all at once. Christianity began with Jesus Christ and his disciples about 2000 years ago in Judea. Throughout that duration of time, Judea was ruled over the emperor of Rome, Constantine. The Romans were pagan and had polytheistic beliefs that made it difficult for the Jews. Therefore, the Jews began to disgust Romans and wait for their Messiah as was promised. The Jewish law secures that a descendant from the house of David will come to set up God’s Kingdom on earth. Jesus Christ has been known in many names: Son of Man, Son of God and the Word. â€Å"Christ† comes from the Greek word Christos which can be translated of the Hebrew word Messiah. Jesus Christ himself followed the Jewish faith and the Jewish law. From village to village, Jesus began teaching synagogues and healing the suffering. Before long, a group of twelve men followed Jesus after his teachings motivated many people and caused instability that the Jewish authority weren’t pleased of. This had threatened the Jewish people. Jesus commenced on talking about the â€Å"new covenant† that God would bring people through him. It would restore the association between humankind and God that was gone because of sin. It would, also, re-establish the fellowship of forgiveness and love. As a prophet, Jesus knew he would be crucified on the Roman cross to pay for the sins committed by all humanity. As he was saying that he was the Son of God, the Jews weren’t opened to his message. Priests of temples have called Jesus Christ blasphemous because he didn’t fit the mold as the Son of Man, â€Å"Glory of the Heavens†, or the Messiah. He doesn’t look like a king they have imagined and thought of him as pathetic and rejected him. When Jesus first came to Israel, Jesus said publicly, â€Å"I was sent only to the lost sheep of Israel. † â€Å"Are you the Christ, the Son of the Blessed One? † a high priest ask him and Jesus replied, ‘I am,’ †¦ And you will see the Son of Man sitting at the right hand of the Mighty One and coming on the clouds of heaven† (Mark 14:61-62). This haven’t convinced them that Jesus was the Messiah and condemned him to torture and death for lying. â€Å"Eli Eli lama sabachthani! † was Jesus’ last words as he was crucified as stated in the New Testament. After three days, he was resurrected and ascended to the heavens in front of six hundred people. His disciples began to spread his word to various parts of the world. After Paul, one of Jesus’ disciples and his right hand man, failed to convince the Jews, Paul had to resort to converting the Romans. Around 312 A. D. , Emperor Constantine I adopted the Christian faith and, therefore, legalized Christianity. He supported the Christian Church and tried to abandon all the pagan temples. In 325 A. D. , he sent for the Council of Nicaea to establish the Nicene Creed. The emperor wanted to enforce orthodoxy and to eradicate heretics. Christianity began to spread and detached it’s way from Judaism. The Roman government began to acknowledge its independence and the emperor let them go from paying the fiscus judaicus, a tax for Jewish people as a penalty after the revolt of 66 A. D. Finally, the success of Christianity made it the official religion of the Roman Empire in 324 A. D. The main Christian belief was that Jesus was the savior of all people. Those who believed that Jesus was the fulfillment of messianic prophesy of the Old Testament converted to Christianity, including some Jews. Judaism and Christianity both share the Old Testament and the Word of God. However, in Christian teachings Jesus Christ is the Messiah and the Savior and Judaism denies the idea of him being the Messiah. Initially being a Jewish sect in the first century, Christianity stretched into the Greco-Roman areas. During the Middle Ages it spread into Northern Europe and Russia. Currently, Christianity extended to all parts of the world and is now the largest religion in the world with around 2 billion followers. The religion has broaden to many sects such as Roman catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Protestant and so forth. Bibliography: The Bible. N. p. : n. p. , n. d. RSV Bible. Web. 26 Feb. 2010. . â€Å"Christianity. † Religion Facts. N. p. , n. d. Web. 26 Feb. 2010. . Wenner, Sarah. â€Å"History of Christianity. † MNSU. Ed. Salman Hakim. N. p. , 2009. Web. 26 Feb. 2010. . All About Religion. N. p. , n. d. Web. 26 Feb. 2010. . How to cite How Judaism and Christianity Diverged, Essay examples

Online vs Offline Bookings free essay sample

Online versus offline bookings The upcoming decade for travel agencies The number of travel agents has declined sharply during the last decade. According to an article of RockCheetah (www. rockcheetah. com, viewed on 12 May 2013) 30 per cent of all travel agents have had to close down since 2000. The reason of the major decline seem clear. The internet is infinitely popular and beholds many advantages over the rather old fashioned travel agents. The online booking of holidays is preferred by many people because of several reasons. The best rates are just few clicks away while various organisations and tour operators are compared simultaneously. Moreover, no additional charges have to be paid to a travel agent. Complementary, cars and traffic jams are avoided because it is no longer necessary to get in the car. All can be arranged from the comfort of a own home. Questioned is whether travel agencies still have any purpose in todays society and if they will last for another decade. Booking a trip online has considerable disadvantages. The internet is open for all to post anything on it. Companies often claim the best rates, accommodations, photos and reviews. There is a great possibility that this not reflects the truth and therefore comes across as deceiving. An overload of unreliable information is the result, which makes the search of a holiday much longer than intended. Kate Springer of TIME news feeds states that the average person spends more than two hours to search and book a trip online (www. time . com, viewed on 12 May 2013) The same article of TIME claims that the IBM Institute for Business Value 20 per cent of them took more than five hours to find the proper holiday. Besides, the freedom to post anything causes the internet to be a less safe place. Cybercriminals have many opportunities to create websites offering false products, to steal real money. After listing all apparent advantages booking online trips, it might be slightly difficult to opt for a travel agents. However, against expectations, travel agents have many advantages. Travel agents filter out the overload of information and provide the customer with detailed information about destinations and accommodations which is not available for the big public. This information also includes advice regarding to visa. Many agents have much travelling experience themselves, which exclusive information to the customer. Furthermore, a travel agent often saves much money. This is due to large quantity in purchases made of accommodation, tickets and excursions. When these are bought in larger quantities, travel agents often arrange attractive discounts, doing their best to get the best deal for the customer. Furthermore, many customers have additional requests regarding their trip. The overload of possibly false information causes difficulties to find the proper product for the customer. Much stress is saved when assembling a tailor made product is done by a travel agent. A travel agent has the knowledge and the resources to do so. It can be stated that the demand for travel agents along with the overflow of information on the internet is rising. No guarantees are given on the existence of travel agents for the upcoming decade. However, the prospects are optimistic.

Philosophy New Natural Law Argument

Question: Discuss about the Philosophyfor New Natural Law Argument. Answer: Introduction The question as to whether same sex marriage be legalized or not has become increasingly common over the last decade. For more than the last thousand years, marriage has been considered globally as the public union between a woman and a man. Across the globe, in most the societies, homosexuality has been observed with contempt, and same-sex marriage had been banned (Corvino Gallagher, 2012). However, same-sex relationships are gradually gaining approval as more and more homosexuals were becoming vocal about their rights to marry anyone they want, as early in the 90s. Along with the increase in tolerance of homosexuality in societies and communities the dispute among nations over the controversy of gay marriage legalization also was increased. This essay would be looking at two arguments for and against the legalization of same-sex marriage New Natural Law by John Finnis and Robert George, and Substantive Marriage by Richard Mohr. Discussion The most common argument against the legalization of same-sex or homosexual marriage is the new natural law argument (NNLA). The main essence of NNLA is that it believes same-sex marriage to be impermissible since it contradicts the idea of basic human good or marital good that is achievable only via heterosexual unions which involve procreative acts (George, 2013). The two leading defenders of this law were John Finnis and Robert George, two of the principal architects of the law. They have been keen on stressing the secular angle to their outlook, trying to show that their arguments are embraceable by non-Catholic people too, despite being Catholic themselves. The natural law theory has its roots deep into Thomismand some other contemporary theological accounts. This theory opines that humans are endowed with reasoning, and the natural laws of nature are distinct by human reason. Human beings are morally responsible for the discerning of law and the acts in conformity with them. The natural actions of human beings to eat, sleep and procreate is in agreement with the natural law specified for species to sustain and procreate. Morally good acts are activities in conformity with this law. This theory states that two individuals of the same sex if interact to produce orgasms would be judged as good or bad depending on the degree of their accordance with natural laws (George, 2014). The theory formulated by Finnis is grounded with different ideas of basic goods. It contains acts that are intrinsically valuableand contains the intelligible ends of some human acts. Finnis and George present with arguments against all forms of no-marital sexual activities and not just same-sex marriage. They do so with the belief that marriage falls into the category of good that is essentially procreative. Their ultimate conclusion is that homosexual activities are unhealthy. From their belief, it can be extracted that the laws of men must not support or celebrate unhealthy relationships and that is what would happen if state recognition is provided to same sex marriage. For questions raised as objections to why sexual aspects are introduced in marriage, natural law arguments have a belief that without sexual interaction, which would lead to procreation, marriage does not become a marriage in its true sense (Duke, 2013). One very strong argument against the natural law theory on behalf of same sex marriage is the Substantive Marriage argument of Richard Mohr (Mohr, 1995). Richard Mohr enunciates the substantive sense of marriage. He understands it as a form of intimacy that is provided with substance in the everyday life and is the joined intersection of necessity's demand and love's sanctity. The language he uses is not legal; however, it manages to capture the perceptible good at the heart of close human relationships. As a form of legal status, marriage identifies and replies to this reality (Stokes, 2015). He considers love to be blind, as overlooking the failings of the person whom we cherish and trying to sustain their happiness is the central concern of true love. He celebrates the importance and impact of flexibility in same sex marriages. Mohr, while supporting same sex marriage, describes matrimony as the expansion and preservation of intimacy with the help of which people see their basic requirements and continue their lives. He puts forward this argument for both the homosexual and heterosexual couples equally. He considers gays and lesbians as members of the community we all live in, all the while exploring ways to manage greater legal and social inclusion. His argument, as to why same sex domestic partnerships are legally recognized, but not same sex marriage is powerful. His substantive explanation of marriage seems plausible, nevertheless in contemporary societies. The argument that marriage is by definition a union between man and woman only has no philosophical backing and is only supported by those who lookout for rationalization of their embarrassment in admitting that they believe gay people unworthy than straight people and marriage as an institution to be too good for them (Vaugh, 2015). Mohr has an argument that gays must get an idea about gay experiences; they needed this education to feel visible and affirmed in their identity, which the society refuses to provide them with. He suggests the same education for non-gays too so that they can get out of the stereotypes and myths about homosexuality. He believes in the freedom of abiding by personal faith regarding righteousness, without it getting forced upon everyone. Mohr's arguments help in seeing beyond the fallacious appeals to nature and clearly see that same-sex unions embody good equally like the heterosexual ones (Wyatt-Nichol Naylor, 2015). Conclusion From the arguments from Finnis and Georges perspective, legalization of same sex marriage would be a disalignment of law and what is right. It would encourage people to engage in and form unhealthy unions, and from the legal perspective would confuse people about the actual nature of a healthy sexual relationship. On the other hand, Mohrs arguments on behalf of same sex marriages are more fitting to the idea of marriage, arguing substantive unions to not being exclusively or essentially heterosexual and not providing homosexual union recognition as being unjust and irrational. References Corvino, J., Gallagher, M. (2012).Debating same-sex marriage. OUP USA. Duke, G. (2013). Finnis on the Authority of Law and the Common Good.Legal Theory,19(01), 44-62. George, R. P. (2014).The clash of orthodoxies: Law, religion, and morality in crisis. Open Road Media. George, R. P. (Ed.). (2013).Reason, morality, and law: the philosophy of John Finnis. OUP Oxford. Mohr, R. D. (1995). The case for gay marriage.Notre Dame JL Ethics Pub. Pol'y,9, 215. Stokes, P. (2015). Same-sex marriage: why the case against it is so weak. The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 13 April 2017, from https://www.smh.com.au/comment/samesex-marriage-why-the-case-against-it-is-weak-20150602-ghes7v.html Vaughn, L. (2015).Doing ethics: Moral reasoning and contemporary issues. WW Norton Company. Wyatt-Nichol, H., Naylor, L. A. (2015). Liberty and Equality: In Defense of Same-Sex Marriage.Public Integrity,17(2), 117-130.

Example risk assessment for outdoor events free essay sample

Outdoor risk assessmentWhat are the HAZARDS? Who might be harmed how? (RISK) What are you already doing? (EXISTING CONTROL MEASURES) What is further action necessary? (FURTHER CONTROL MEASURES) Action by Whom? Done Concrete Children can trip or fall and cause serious or minor injuries to themselves. Ensuring all surfaces outside are even. Ensure the upkeep of the outdoor area is always maintained. Myself (Siobhan) completed. Rainwater Children can swallow this water and become sick. Cleaning of all outdoor toys also eliminate the build-up or rainwater in toys but ensuring they have been emptied after rainfall. Not applicable Myself (Siobhan) completedAnimal feces Children can ingest and become very sick, also can become blind if rubbed in their eyes. Removal of any animal feces if found. Have a check of the outdoors area each morning before any child plays outside. Not applicable Myself (Siobhan) completedInsect bites Children could have an anaphylactic shock. We will write a custom essay sample on Example risk assessment for outdoor events or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Being aware of childhood allergies and making sure medical records of children are kept up to date. Ensuring a child’s medical records are kept up to date. Myself (Siobhan) completedWeather Children can get heatstroke or become dehydration or sunburnt in the heat. In the cold children can become very ill could contract phenomena or chest infections. Sun cream, plenty of fluids and hats in heat/coats hats scarfs and gloves and suitable footwear in cold. Ensure sun cream is in date and the correction factor is being applied. Keep a stock of spare sun hats coats and scarfs. Myself (Siobhan) completedOutdoor equipment Children could harm themselves if the equipment isn’t up to safety standards. Ensuring all equipment meets safety standards. Check for any equipment that is broken or dangerous i.e. screws missing, snapped plastic (a child could cut themselves on). Not applicable Completed (myself) CompletedSand Children could swallow the sand and begin to choke if stuck in airways. Children could also cause themselves eye irritation if rubbed or thrown in their eyes. Children have a good understanding of safety whilst playing with sand. Ensure children are being monitored whilst playing with the sand. Fences and gates. Children could climb over a fence or run out of an open gate. Also, ensure the children have privacy in the garden they are playing in to ensure correct safeguarding is met. Ensure all gates are kept locked and children do not have access to the locks on the gates. Ensure the fencing surrounding the garden is efficient enough to keep the children safe and to keep the children’s privacy safe. Ensure back gates are locked safe and secure before children play outside. Completed (myself) Completed

Bill of Attainder Definition

Bill of Attainder Definition A bill of attainder – sometimes called an act or writ of attainder or an ex-post facto law – is an act of a government’s legislature that declares a person or group of persons guilty of a crime and prescribing their punishment without the benefit of a trial or judicial hearing. The practical effect of a bill of attainder is to deny accused person’s civil rights and liberties. Article I, Section 9, paragraph 3, of the U.S. Constitution prohibits the enactment of bills of attainder, stating, â€Å"No Bill of Attainder or ex-post facto Law will be passed.† Origin of Bills of Attainder Bills of attainder were originally part of English Common Law and were typically used by the monarchy to deny a person’s right to own property, the right to a title of nobility, or even right to life. Records from the English Parliament show that on January 29, 1542, Henry VIII secured bills of attainder that resulted in the executions of a number people holding titles of nobility. While the English Common Law right of habeas corpus guaranteed fair trials by a jury, a bill of attainder completely bypassed the judicial procedure. Despite their obviously unfair nature, bills of attainder were not banned throughout the United Kingdom until 1870. US Constitutional Ban of Bills of Attainder As a feature of English law at the time, bills of attainder were often enforced against residents of the thirteen American colonies. Indeed, outrage over the enforcement of bills attainder in the colonies was one of the motivations for the Declaration of Independence and the American Revolution. The dissatisfaction of Americans with British attainder laws resulted in their being prohibited in the U.S. Constitution ratified in 1789. As James Madison wrote on January 25, 1788, in the Federalist Papers Number 44, â€Å"Bills of attainder, ex-post facto laws, and laws impairing the obligations of contracts, are contrary to the first principles of the social compact, and to every principle of sound legislation. ... The sober people of America are weary of the fluctuating policy which has directed the public councils. They have seen with regret and indignation that sudden changes and legislative interferences, in cases affecting personal rights, become jobs in the hands of enterprising and influential speculators, and snares to the more-industrious and less-informed part of the community.† The Constitution’s ban of the use of bills of attainder by the federal government contained in Article I, Section 9 was considered so important by the Founding Fathers, that a provision banning state law bills of attainder was included in the first clause of ​Article I, Section 10. The Constitution’s bans of bills of attainder at both the federal and state level serve two purposes: They enforce the fundamental doctrine of separation of powers by forbidding the legislative branch from performing functions constitutionally delegated to the judicial or executive branch.  They embody the protections of due process of law expressed in the Fifth, Sixth, and Eighth Amendments. Along with the U.S. Constitution, the constitutions of ever state expressly forbid bills of attainder. For example, Article I, Section 12 of the constitution of the State of Wisconsin reads, â€Å"No bill of attainder, ex-post facto law, nor any law impairing the obligation of contracts, shall ever be passed, and no conviction shall work corruption of blood or forfeiture of estate.†

Globalization and Its Main Characteristics Essay

Globalization and Its Main Characteristics - Essay Example Reich (1998) defined globalization as â€Å"a process through which events, decisions and activities in one part of the world can come to have a significant consequence for individuals and communities in quite distant parts of the globe (Reich, 1998, p.5). It is the process through which economies, societies, and cultures are exchanging their resources for mutual benefits. Moreover it is the process which integrate global network of political, technological, economical and cultural ideas through communication, transportation, and trade. In short, globalization is an effort to bring all the people in this world under one umbrella. This paper analyses the different characteristics of globalization. Globalization succeeded in bringing many social, political and economical changes in the world. It is intended for decreasing the gap between; rich and poor, different religious beliefs, different political and social ideologies etc. Poor countries may have many resources, but they may not have the infrastructure or technological expertise to exploit it. Globalization can help such poor countries to mobilize their resources more effectively with the cooperation from rich countries. For example, it is quite possible that oil resources are available in many of the poor countries. However these countries may not have the technological expertise or financial abilities to explore oil in their coastal regions. Rich countries can help such poor countries in exploring oil resources in their territory as a result of globalization. Thus, both the countries will be benefitted from their mutual cooperation. It is illogical for a poor country to keep their valuable natural resources untouched wh ile striving for progress. According to Lauder et al (2006), many people tempted to think globalization as the â€Å"process of transportation of jobs, ethnic and cultural composition of nations etc from one country to another† (Lauder et al, 2006, p.32).

ASEAN Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

ASEAN - Essay Example ASEAN has made exemplary pursuit in achieving this objective for the South East Asian countries. The achievement of ASEAN in this region is commendable. There are various challenges that this organization faces in maintaining its principle objective of economic strength, peace and security of the region.. In the forthcoming years, it is imperative that ASEAN strengthens its political-security support system due to the increasing threat of international terrorism that may prevail in this region. This is imperative to attain and sustain its primary goal. Association of south East Asian nations or ASEAN consists of the countries from the south East Asian region that work towards mutual economic progress. It can be defined as an organization for cooperation on security and economic concerns. [Mead, ,n. d, 207] The creators of the Association of South East Asian Nations – ASEAN, visualized it as ultimately assembling all the nations of the region and managing them to lend a hand in assuring the peace, permanence and growth of the area. While the area was in a state of turmoil, a lot of nations were under pressure for the existence of the nation or autonomy. First of all the five founding states had planned that ASEAN will be, in keeping with its abbreviation distinctly suggesting a unity of South East Asian countries working together willingly for the mutual betterment. The basic objective of the organization was tranquility, financial, societal and cultural progress, and the perception being: with tranquility in the area, stabi lity will not be far behind that would result in the financial affluence of the population in the area. It was not destined to be a supranational identity, discharging its objectives discretionally of its member nations: It was not to have any regional parliament or authority to frame regulations; devoid of a judicial system and having no authority of executing powers. United